Systematic position of Stilbum cyanurum (Forster, 1771)

Subfamily & Tribe	Chrysidinae (Chrysidini)	Size (mm):
Genus & species	Stilbum cyanurum (Forster, 1771)
Species group
Original combination	Chrysis cyanura Forster, 1771
Type series	Holotypus ♂ (Mus.: London)
Original description	Photo of the type
Synonyms and subspecies	splendidum (F.), amethistinum (F.), nobile (Sulzer,1776)
Systematic notes	[nec Förster]. Varieties: nobile; siculum Tourn.

Geographic distribution of Stilbum cyanurum (Forster, 1771)

World distribution

Type locality	Spain
Kimsey & Bohart	Oriental: widespread, from tropics to warm areas (Spain)
Linsenmaier	CS Europe, Africa, S Asia, China, Indonesia, Australia (Linsenmaier puts also the ssp. siculum)
Other Authors	Old world. Maltese islands (Valletta, 1971)
Chorology	Sub-Cosmopolitan
Distribution notes

Geographic distribution of Stilbum cyanurum (Forster, 1771)

Italian distribution according to the Checklist of the species of the Italian Fauna

Macroregion	North (N):	South (S):	Sicily (Si):	Sardinia (Sa):
Endemic

Italian distribution by Administrative Region (Literature records)

Adm. Region	Literature records
Piemonte|Piedmont	Buysson, 1890 (as Stilbum splendidum); Abeille, 1879 (as Stilbum splendidum); Strumia, 2002; Rosa, 2005a; Strumia, 2005 (as cyanurum siculum);
Valle d Aosta|Aosta V.
Lombardia|Lombardy	Magretti, 1881 (as Stilbum splendidum on Allium cepa, Eryngium campestre, Rubus idaeus and various Ericaceae), 1884; Rosa, 2002; Strumia, 2002; Rosa, 2004; Rosa, 2005a; Strumia, 2005;
Trentino Alto Adige	Cobelli, 1903 (as Stilbum splendidum), 1910; Bonelli, 1966; Strumia, 1990; Strumia, 2005;
Veneto	Grandi, 1934 (as splendidum siculum); Invrea, 1941b (as cyanurum siculum); Strumia, 2005 (as cyanurum siculum);
Friuli V.G.	Graffe, 1895 (as cyanurum nobile; on Trifolium montanum); Ducke, 1901 (as cyanurum nobile; on Ferulago, Dorycnium and Mentha); Kusdas, 1958;
Liguria	Mantero, 1899 (as splendidum siculum); Invrea, 1920 (as splendidum siculum), 1922a (as splendidum siculum); Rosa, 2005a; Strumia, 2005 (as cyanurum siculum);
Emilia Romagna	Grandi, 1954; Grandi, 1959; Grandi, 1962 (as cyanurum siculum); Rosa, 2004; Rosa, 2005a; Rosa, 2006b; Strumia, 2005;
Toscana|Tuscany	Piccioli, 1884 (as Stilbum splendidum); Buysson, 1890 (as Stilbum splendidum), 1897 (as splendidum siculum); Zavattari, 1911b (as Stilbum splendidum); Strumia, 1990; Rosa, 2005a; Rosa, 2006b; Strumia, 2005;
Umbria
Marche
Lazio	Lepri, 1910 (as Stilbum splendidum); Grandi, 1934 (as cyanurum siculum); Rosa, 2005a; Strumia, 2005 (as cyanurum siculum);
Abruzzo	Strumia, 2005;
Molise
Campania	Buysson, 1890 (as Stilbum splendidum);
Puglia|Apulia	Strumia, 2005 (as cyanurum siculum);
Basilicata	Rosa, 2005a; Strumia, 2005;
Calabria	Invrea, 1941c (as cyanurum siculum); Rosa, 2005a; Strumia, 2005;
Sicilia|Sicily	De Stefani, 1886, 1888 (as Stilbum amethystinum on Mentha as host of Pelopoeus distillatorius), 1894; Riggio, 1888 (as Stilbum amethystinum); Buysson, 1890 (as Stilbum splendidum); Erlandsson, 1972; Strumia, 2005 (as cyanurum siculum);
Sardegna|Sardinia	Nadig, 1934; Invrea, 1952 (as cyanurum siculum); Erlandsson, 1972; Rosa, 2004; Strumia, 2005;
Distribution notes	Emilia-Romagna (Campadelli et al., 1999)

Italian distribution by Administrative Region (FEI records)

Adm. Region	FEI records
Piemonte|Piedmont
Valle d Aosta|Aosta V.
Lombardia|Lombardy
Trentino Alto Adige
Veneto
Friuli V.G.
Liguria
Emilia Romagna
Toscana|Tuscany
Umbria
Marche
Lazio
Abruzzo
Molise
Campania
Puglia|Apulia
Basilicata
Calabria
Sicilia|Sicily
Sardegna|Sardinia
Distribution notes	Emilia-Romagna (Campadelli et al., 1999)

Italian distribution by Administrative Region (Personal evidences)

Adm. Region	Personal records
Piemonte|Piedmont
Valle d Aosta|Aosta V.
Lombardia|Lombardy
Trentino Alto Adige
Veneto
Friuli V.G.
Liguria
Emilia Romagna
Toscana|Tuscany
Umbria
Marche
Lazio
Abruzzo
Molise
Campania
Puglia|Apulia
Basilicata
Calabria
Sicilia|Sicily
Sardegna|Sardinia
Distribution notes	Emilia-Romagna (Campadelli et al., 1999)

Biology of Stilbum cyanurum (Forster, 1771)

Known Hosts

Polyphagous
Tenthredinidae
Vespidae
Eumenidae	Eumenes unguiculatus (Invrea, 1941, as cyanurum siculum); Eumenes (Berland & Bernard, 1938), Delta (Eumenes) unguiculatum (Grandi, 1951, 1961), Katamenes arbustorum (Mingo et al., 1990)
Masaridae
Sphecidae	Pelopoeus distillatorius (De Stefani, 1888); Sceliphron (Berland & Bernard, 1938), Sceliphron (Grandi, 1951, 1961), Sceliphron caementarium (Campadelli et al., 1999), Sceliphron destillatorium and S. madraspatanum (Mingo et al., 1990)
Apidae
Colletidae
Halictidae
Megachilidae	Chalicodoma (Berland & Bernard, 1938), Megachile (Grandi, 1951, 1961)
Anthophoridae
Lepidoptera

Notes on Hosts	parasitoid of wasps builder of mud nests (Campadelli et al., 1999)

Known Habitat

Habitat
Plants for rest/refuge	Allium cepa, Eryngium campestre, Rubus idaeus and various Ericaceae (Magretti, 1881); on Mentha (De Stefani, 1888); on Trifolium montanum (Graffe, 1895); on Ferulago, Dorycnium and Mentha (Ducke, 1901); Evonymus, Eryngium, Mentha rotundifolia (Invrea, 1920); on flowers of Evonymus japonicus L. (Invrea, 1920, as cyanurum siculum); Statice, Mentha, Marubium vulgare (Erlandsson, 1972); in Rubus (Invrea, 1920)
Parasites	Leptobatides abeillei Buyss. (Ichneumonidae: Phygadeuontinae) (Berland & Bernard, 1938)
Biological notes

More info on Stilbum cyanurum (Forster, 1771)